This edited volume provides a thorough theoretical reflection and practical application of the concept of transdisciplinarity, crucial for understanding and effectively addressing contemporary complex socio-scientific issues, and in fostering robust social and civic competencies. From this viewpoint, its seven chapters reveal that such competencies can be developed through didactic-disciplinary areas that, at first glance, may seem removed from the traditional focuses of scientific education. The volume not only presents evidence of the necessity for cross-disciplinarity and the importance of integrating various disciplines into the educational process but also details specific didactic approaches based on holistic and contextualized learning. These approaches, especially beneficial for pre-service and active teachers in primary and secondary education, enable a more effective response to current challenges, promoting an educational model that prepares students to act as informed, critical, and engaged citizens in an increasingly complex and globalized society.