This book explores the economic and political transformation of Chile under the Augusto Pinochet dictatorship. It highlights how radical change, in this case the arrival of an authoritarian regime, takes place, as well as the impact it has upon citizens and the disruptions it has on everyday life. Through examining how conservative and market-based reforms were introduced to fight socialist ideas and stimulate the private sector, a framework is created for understanding the long-term economic, political, and social impact of the Pinochet dictatorship. Particular attention is given to the consequences of state-led repression, local governments, higher education, the privatization of state-owned businesses, the labor market, censorship, and indigenous policies, among others. This book provides a multidisciplinary perspective on the reforms seen in Chile under Pinochet and brings together ideas from economics, history, political science, sociology, and regional studies. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the political economy and history of Chile and Latin America.