This book offers a comprehensive critical survey of issues of historical interpretation and evaluation in Bertrand Russells 1918 logical atomism lectures and logical atomism itself. These lectures record the culmination of Russells thought in response to discussions with Wittgenstein on the nature of judgement and philosophy of logic and with Moore and other philosophical realists about epistemology and ontological atomism, and to Whitehead and Russell novel extension of revolutionary nineteenth-century work in mathematics and logic.  Russells logical atomism lectures have had a lasting impact on analytic philosophy and on Russells contemporaries including Carnap, Ramsey, Stebbing, and Wittgenstein. Comprised of 14 original essays, this book will demonstrate how the direct and indirect influence of these lectures thus runs deep and wide.