This book is based on prior research conducted by the authors team, integrating the latest advancements in biomechanics and mechanobiology related to atherosclerosis from both domestic and international peers. It explores the mechanobiological mechanisms and prevention strategies for atherosclerosis and intravascular stent restenosis. The topics covered include: lipoprotein concentration polarization, stress response of vascular endothelial cells, biomechanical mechanisms in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular development, atherosclerotic plaque formation, in-stent restenosis, and post-stent implantation atherosclerosis. Additionally, the book presents the mechanobiological mechanisms of drug regulation for cell viability and inhibition of vascular restenosis, as well as the latest frontiers and advancements in these areas. It carries significant reference value for postgraduates and young researchers in cardiovascular physiology and pathology, particularly those involved in biomedical engineering, basic medicine, and clinical medicine focused on atherosclerotic disease research.