The Chinese electricity sector is the largest in the world, covering well over 20% of the worlds electricity supply. While many other countries liberalized their electricity systems in the 1990s, thereby creating competitive wholesale and retail electricity markets, China move towards liberalization has advanced at a slower pace – until now.  Following the China State Councils publication of the No. 9 document on Deepening Reform of the Power Sector, this book reflects on the ambitious new round of reforms aimed at introducing competitive wholesale electricity markets and incentive regulation for its power grids. Written in collaboration with Hao Chen, Lewis Dale and Chung-Han Yang, this book provides lessons for China reforms from international experience, combining a detailed review of reforms from around the world with specific application to China and focuses on how the industrial price of electricity is determined in a liberalized power system.