This book attempts to illustrate the case of performance evaluation of Chinese financial holding companies. The question motivating the book is: with the deepening of reforms such as interest rate liberalization, the profitability of some traditional commercial banks has declined. In this context, how to maintain continuous improvement in operating performance of traditional commercial banks to resist the profitability declines.  This book selects 13 Chinese financial holding companies as the research objects. With the authentic and reliable data, the author uses factor analysis method to conduct an empirical study on their performance evaluation and case analysis on three typical companies. Based on the research on the performance evaluation of financial holding companies, the evaluation methods are discussed and suggestions for improvement are provided.