This volume describes important functions and roles of micro RNAs in the vasculature in health, disease, therapeutics and diagnostics. It shows how miRNAs can be used to improve stem cell-based regenerative therapies of cardiovascular diseases; further the role of miRNAs as regulators in lipoprotein metabolism in the liver and reverse cholesterol transport is depicted, as well as their pathological function in diabetes and atherosclerosis. The book discusses the use of circulating miRNAs as disease biomarkers and shows interesting correlations with the amount of detectable miRNAs in the blood and future cardiovascular risks. This book is edited and written by leading figures in the field and will be an invaluable resource for academics, researchers and students working on non-coding RNAs in biomedicine, physiology and vascular biology.