Preface The Human Genome and the Human Microbiome. Chapter 1 The Human Genome, Microbiome and Disease. Chapter 2 Host Genotype and the effect on Microbial Communities. Chapter 3 The Human Microbiome and Host-Pathogen Interactions. Chapter 4 The Human Virome. Chapter 5 Selection and Sequencing of Strains as References for Human Microbiome studies. Chapter 6 The Human Vaginal Microbiome. Chapter 7 The Human Lung Microbiome. Chapter 8 The Human Skin Microbiome in Health and Skin Diseases. Chapter 9 The Human Oral metagenome. Chapter 10 Infectogenomics: aspect of Host Responses to Microbes in the Digestive Tract. Chapter 11 Autoimmune Disease and the Human Metagenome. Chapter 12 Metagenomic applications and the potential for understanding chronic liver disease. Chapter 13 Symbiotic gut microbiota and the modulation of human metabolic phenotypes Chapter 14 MetaHIT: The European Union Project on Metagenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract. Chapter 15 Implications of Human Microbiome Research for the Developing World.