This book examines the history of sociology in India. It delves into the origin, growth, and development of Sociology. It traces its trajectory alongside the nations social, cultural, and intellectual landscape. The chapters examine the diverse strands of sociological thought, the evolving issues, and emerging trends across different regions and domains of Indian society. The chapters cover topics, such as the debates of colonialism and nationalism to the contemporary challenges of liberalization, globalization, and climate change. It engages with pressing issues from digital sociology, environmental movements, agrarian issues, political sociology, Dalit movement, indigenizing sociology, gerontology, and migration to gender studies and sustainable development from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. With its rich discussions, the book provides a key read for academics, students, policymakers as well as researchers in areas such as sociology, anthropology, gender studies, and development study.