This book examines essential topics related to energy, sustainability, carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, coastal protection, and energy security. It features specialized lectures that explore various interdisciplinary aspects of sustainability and environmental resilience. It begins with an introduction to the fundamental concepts of energy and energy conversion, followed by a detailed discussion of solar and wind energy technologies, as well as the application of artificial intelligence for quantifying energy resources. In subsequent chapters, the book addresses a variety of critical subjects, including socioeconomic equality, the significant changes occurring in Puerto Rico that create new opportunities, water conservation, and the development of an energy-water corridor to promote sustainable economic growth. It also covers the physics of climate, climate change, and sustainable agriculture practices. Readers of the book will become familiar not only with the fundamental topics of energy and renewable energy but also with challenging topics that will impact the energy security and coastal resilience of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Caribbean Islands.