This book offers readers a comprehensive overview of the Chinese educational modernization process, during which thousands of Chinese students studied overseas to find solutions for the reform of feudal education. The led to significant educational modernization between 1860 and 1940. Five topics are covered: the reasons Chinese students studied overseas; the three vital transmissions of the overseas study trend during these 80 years; returning students and the establishment and development of modern Chinese education science; overseas students and Chinese modern educational reform; and returning students and the establishment and development of the modern Chinese higher education system. The book is of interest to high school students, undergraduates and graduates in the fields of Chinese modern history and culture, Chinese educational modernization and modern Chinese education reform.