This book explores the transformative use of nanomaterials in civil engineering, emphasizing sustainability and innovation in addressing enduring challenges. It covers the enhancement of construction materials, including cementitious composites, coatings, and structural components with nanomaterials to improve corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and cement performance. The integration of nanotechnology with Industry 4.0 and digital twins is also discussed, promoting smarter engineering practices. Additionally, it details the applications of nanomaterials in pavement construction and soil property enhancement for seismic resilience. It addresses soil stabilization, slope stability, ground improvement, and scour protection for waterfront infrastructure. Furthermore, it delves into environmental engineering applications such as advanced wastewater treatment, soil remediation, and air quality improvement through nanotechnology. This book features seventeen chapters by leading experts, offering research insights and practical guidance for sustainable infrastructure and environmental solutions.