​With the advent of less invasive treatments for aortic stenosis including percutaneous and apical replacement, more patients are being offered this technology. As such, determining the true severity of aortic stenosis is becoming paramount.  Many clinical scenarios occur where the area and gradient estimates of severity do not match.  This book will present case by case examples of different patients with a wide variety of aortic stenosis. It will assist cardiologists in identifying patients with true aortic stenosis who may benefit from valve replacement. It will also highlight the role and advent of new technology as the role of CTA, MRI, and 3D echo for diagnosis and TAVR and mini surgery for treatment​. The audience will range from clinical cardiologists, imaging cardiologists and interventionalists alike.