This book offers a holistic analysis of the role of advanced biofuels within the context of the circular economy. It provides a multidisciplinary perspective on cutting-edge developments in biofuel technology, including their sustainability impact, techno-economic and socio-economic considerations. This edited collection merges insights from environmental science, economics, and sustainability studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape of advanced biofuels. Each chapter explores the complex interplay of the circular economy with biotechnological advancement, analysing diverse aspects including biofuel production, impact on local communities, their role in sustainable development and job creation, role in long-term economic growth and tackling climate challenges. The book also offers practical guidance on assessing socio-economic impacts and navigating the regulatory landscape. This is a valuable resource for researchers in the bioeconomy, circular economy, agricultural and environmental economics, as well as policymakers looking to make informed decisions and contribute to sustainable practices.