Divided into thirteen chapters, this book provides a wealth of research-oriented findings and practical guidance, ranging from the definition, epidemiology and pathophysiology, to the diagnosis and management of the disease. Although acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is defined by the acute onset of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, hypoxemia and the need for mechanical ventilation, it is a heterogeneous disease entity, which makes it difficult to develop specific therapies. Treatment tends to focus on lung-protective ventilation, and no specific pharmacotherapies have been identified.  All chapters were written by respected experts in the field, and summarize the latest trends, share recent research findings, and outline future prospects. Specific chapters are devoted to novel, promising diagnostic approaches, such as microRNA, which may improve our ability to identify early ARDS or at-risk patients. In addition, a dedicated chapter explores cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine, which offer potential therapeutic options. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - Advances in Diagnostic Tools and Disease Management offers a valuable reference guide not only for young physicians and trainees, but also for experienced or teaching physicians, medical educators, and basic researchers. Readers will find the latest information on ARDS and come to understand the current challenges, encouraging them to further advance the diagnosis, treatment and clinical research on this disease.